TANNENBERG — CLICKS
Tannenberg, in German, means as much as the “jodo mountain”. In German historiography, the defeat by the Order of Teutonic Knights in 1410 took place at Tannenberg (now called Stębark), not as in the Polish tradition close Grunwald. The evil fame of Tannenberg was launched by a German triumph in 1914 which destroyed the Russian corps of Gen. Samsonov and halted the Russian offensive in East Prussia. 2 names of Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff grew in the Tannenber victory.
After planet War I, the name “Tannenberg” grew to be a symbol. Thus the large mausoleum of the marshal and president Paul von Hindenburg in Sudwi close Olsztynek ("Tannenberg-Denkmal") was baptized – blown up by the Germans withdrawing from East Prussia in January 1945 after the removal of the body of Hindenburg. She was cryptonyms of, among others, the provocation of Gliwice and the extermination of Polish intelligence during the defence war of Poland and 1 period after its completion in Wielkopolska, Pomerania, during which
On 1 September to 25 October 1939 more than 20 1000 Poles were killed. The name was given to ships (passage ferry serving transport from East Prussia to Pomerania, requisitioned by Kriegsmarine on 2 September).
1939 and renamed a mine stander that sank off the coast of Sweden in 1941) and river steamers... And the second is treated by the article.
"Polonez", "Grunwald", "Tannenberg", "Grunwald", "Bartosz Głowacki" – so many names, during its 70-year history, carried this tiny cargo-passenger ship, built in the Elbląg shipyard of F. Schichau for M. Lewtov and R. Gostyński of Włocławek. He was baptized “POLONEZ”/ΠOЛОНEЗ. He sailed from Włocławka to Warsaw. He took 88 passengers in Classes I and II and 98 on board and 7 tons of cargo. He could besides tow barges; his haul was 600 t. In 1892, M. Lewtov and R. Gostyński merged with Jan and Wincenty Ciechanowskie from Włocławek, transforming into a company called Ciechanowski and S-ka Brothers. After the outbreak of the war in August 1914, the Russian army seized the ship. He delivered ammunition and food and transported wounded during Russian-Austrian fights in Galicia. During the counteroffensive of Austro-Hungarian troops in 1915, “Polonez” fell into their hands under Annopol. He was brought to Puławy and armored there and armed with 2 land cannons of 37 mm caliber. In 1916, he was incorporated into the Austro-Hungarian K.u.k. Weichselflottille. His task was to patrol the section of Puławy – Dęblin. After Poland regained its independency in November 1918 it was taken over by the state – initially the Ministry of Communications and then the Water Road Operation Section at the Ministry of Public Works. After the establishment of Polish State Shipping in Warsaw in 1919, he joined its rolling stock under the fresh name “GRUNWALD”. It was exploited on the advanced Vistula River based on the port in Puławy. Around 1921, he went to Pińsk, where he sailed in the Polish Trade and manufacture Society. He returned to Puławy around 1926. It was then acquired by C. Reizeman, S. Rozental, C. Eidelman and F. Perelberg. In 1930, the ship was rebuilt, including an elongated hull and replaced boiler and steam machines expanding power to 110 hp. Then the ship could take 120 to 240 passengers. Around 1933, it entered the Polish River Shipping Rolling Stock, “Vistula” Sp. z o.o. in Warsaw as a cargo-passenger ship, sailing mainly to Sandomierz. After the end of the September 1939 run and the General Guberni uprising "Grunwald" as judaic property, he took over German Komissarischen Verwalter der Haupttreuhandstelle Ost für die Binnenschiffahrt des Weichselstromgebietes, Danzig. Abt. Warschau (Commissioner of the Main Trust Office East for Inland Shipping in the territory of Vistula Gdansk, branch in Warsaw). It was then redeemed by Julius Dunin Holecki, who runs Weichsel Reederei G.m.b.H, Warschau, the ship changed its name to "TANNENBERG". In 1943, Tannenberg requisitioned the Wehrmacht, then the hull was painted black. It was utilized by German troops to pacify villages that favored guerrillas from the National Army and Peasants Battalions in the area of Puławy and Kazimierz Dolny.
In the spring of 1944, in order to destruct the increasing partisan power and supporting their villages, Germany divided their forces into smaller garrisons, stationed at a short distance. 1 of them was in the hamlet close Chotcza. He counted about 500 MPs and members of Russian auxiliary units (owners). On May 31, 1944, soldiers of the 4th territory of the Puławy territory of Lublin Peasant Battalions under the command of Jan Jabłoński, ps. Drzazg, stationed in the shrine of Węgrzyniec (ob. Szczekarków Cologne), were notified of the pacification of Polanowski. Unfortunately, the information arrived besides late to halt German action begun early in the morning. 140 German gendarmes and the owners of the 791 Turkmenian Battalion arrived at the site from the base in Chaluki by ship "Tannenberg". They entered the wide river Chodelki (right tributary of the Vistula river) and docked by the shore. Therefore, the BCh commander sought help, to the AK branch stationed in close forests under Bolesław Frańczak, ps. Argil. Local BCh command was opposed to direct action in the village, as this could put the civilian population at risk. On the another hand, it was decided to destruct the origin of the transport of German soldiers, which was the ship. It was decided to fire on the unit as she returned to her base at the Chalupki.
Around 8.00 p.m. Poles dug in bushes on the bank of the Vistula river close Zastów Karczmiski awaiting the return of the German expedition. Meanwhile, Polanowski's replacement pacification limited itself to burning 1 farm, robbing livestock and raping respective women. After which, at around 10.30 a.m., German gendarmes and their helpers loaded on a ship that, after leaving Chodelka, went up the river.
Every 8 km of relays were to study possible enemy reinforcements that could have destroyed the action, but there were no signals. The Partisans passed a passenger ship that was heading towards Sandomierz and were lurking in the bushes awaiting the ship. Meanwhile, a unit of AK Bolesław Frańczak arrived and took positions on the wings of the fleas insured the action. Meanwhile, the unsuspecting Germans sailed along the river, drifting distant from the shore, where Poles were lurking. Around 11 o'clock, guerrillas opened fire with dense device guns firing at a ship not more than 100 m away. The Germans returned fire, the canonade lasted about an hour. Scattered unit with the boiler shot, began to take on water. about 12.15 close the left bank of the river close Lucimia (347 km of Vistula), the ship sank and German soldiers evacuated to shore. Kanonada alerted the German base in Chalupki, which fired on the positions of Poles from artillery. As a consequence of the fire, 1 AK soldier was killed, 1 acquittal and 1 flea was wounded. The enemy's losses by various sources ranged from 6 to 60 killed and 50 wounded. Divergences may be due to the fact that German reports frequently omit losses among auxiliary units. Germany was the only 1 that mattered due to the fact that it had to be included in the statistic of war. Unfortunately, during the skirmish, the captain of the ship – Karpiński, from Puławy, besides died.
The Germans did not take any more action against civilians in the area. Soon, too, before the approaching front they had to leave their base.
The ship had a gracious fate. After 1945, it was mined and rebuilt in Puławy. It was re-used in 1948 on the State Water Board in Puławy under the name “GRUNWALD”. A year later, it was handed over to the State Inland Shipping Branch in Warsaw where it sailed as a passenger ship. In 1951, it was handed over to the Shipping Company on Wisła Przedsiębiorstwo Państwowe w Warszawie and changed its name to “BARTOSZ GŁOWACKI”. He sailed on the line from Warsaw to Puławy, as well as to Płock. In 1961, it was withdrawn from passenger traffic and intended as a training tow truck. In 1963, it was decommissioned and 4 years later scrapped at the Płock River shipyard.
On 30 August 1987, General Franciszek Kamiński, commander of the Peasants Battalions, unveiled a stone commemorating the action at Zastow.
Contribution: Radosław Kieryłowicz
Source:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mausoleum_Hindenburg
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tannenberg_(Schiff)
http://www.schiffe-maxim.de/tannenberg.htm
http://fow.pl/forum/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=5245
http://www.polskaniezwykla.pl/web/place/40331,wolf-melf-%E2%80%9Etannenberga%E2%80%9D-.html
http://www.opole.lublin.pl/index.php/health-powiat-49?id=260:memory-w-wolk
https://kriegsmarine.lima-city.de/images/polonez_2.jpg
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downing_ship_Tannenberg
