Catherine Przyborska: Yours recent studies on the function of women in politics, they show that since 2011, erstwhile the quota bill came into force, women's position has increased markedly, even in spite of any counter-reformation led by the Law.Women in politics are rising even in political groups whose message and agenda are very anti-female. So it's not a coincidence, but a constant trend.
Przemysław Sadura: Yes, the increasing presence of women in politics is simply a process, and even a constant civilization, specified as laicization of Polish society and liberalization of attitudes. PiS tried to play reverse currents, fishing primarily in the older electorate, which was more skeptical, frequently frightened – if not their direction, it was at least temp. And although this group did not dominate in society, politically-mobilized moments dominated at urns, hence we may have the impression of slowing down, but it is not. Women enter politics more and more often.
The tightening of the anti-abortion law was counterproductive?
You can't extinguish a fire with gasoline. In the Law and Justice, this consciousness came besides late. The wave of protests following the Constitutional Court's judgement resulted in a clear change. Hundreds of thousands of young women, but besides men, went to the street. And then this fact was reflected in the polling results.
It's not just an election change, it's a cultural change. The men themselves on phase or in the studio surprise and even origin a taste. Even Confederates, who have only 3 MEPs, proceed to advance them.
Until now, the Confederate woman's representation had a fewer and vague. Now it is clear, after the spectacular success of Karina Bosak, who knocked out Korwin, that the Confederacy has not only voters but besides electoral.
In the meantime, the PiS MPs, who at first had more, were recognisable and spoke more often, were important. Now Beata Szydło heard that the war situation would fail.
The PiS had MPs due to the fact that that was the party's conscious strategy. Just like on our side – we have long been following certain standards. It is increasingly uncommon for individual to organise consultations, meetings or debates without women, even if it is hard to compose an expert panel, due to the fact that there is simply a considerable advantage of men in a given area. Unwritten regulation became to exert himself and look. For any time, the Law and Justice had it under guard. And then he stopped guarding, he came back a vending device that restores the female disadvantage, which in the case of the conservative organization happens very quickly.
The Confederacy, on the another hand, is actively launching processes to guarantee that women are seen, that there are more of them, and that it already sees the effects. After the latest polls, you can see that she has taken a strong lead in the electorates of the youngest, and secondly, that she attracts not only men, due to the fact that the support of women for them is already about 10%.
For the younger generation, therefore, it is clear that the presence of women in politics is apparent and expected. Statistically, however, it is simply a tiny electoral group compared to older ones. But you're 40 years old. What are their attitudes?
The age of demographic booms is over, now we're learning to operate on thanami. Forty-somethings are the last large group. I'm certain they're not as conservative as the elders. This group besides expects more women to enter politics, but it is the strongest behind the Civic Coalition, which historically has chosen various courses, but has now chosen this liberal one. So it seems that the alliance between the youngest generation and the mediate generation may be adequate to outweigh the choices of the older generation and make sex change permanently.
The 40-year-olds who were asked told you: "We should be a very European country and a place that favours women." So we already have a slider on the electoral lists, any of the first places on the lists are women, but voters besides have their own electoral techniques. For example, they vote for the first female on the list.
Especially since the women's strike, it is evident that this intervention of voters is higher than women. I am on this strategy – i.e. voting for the first or youngest female from the corresponding list, or on a female active on the local level – I pointed out earlier erstwhile she was absolutely niche, mainly in the left-wing electorate, progressive, was primarily about women, but not only about women. I had focus groups where the overwhelming majority declared that in this way they would make a decision due to the fact that the female would be better prepared, she would effort harder.
Here's a quote: "Biologically speaking women are, I'm sorry to say, and it's terribly lame on my part, but they're biologically designed to feel emotions and see how individual reacts" and then "most men start war, so you truly gotta replace these elites with women." A very interesting statement, due to the fact that 1 can see that individual understands that he uses the stereotype, but first it is simply a affirmative stereotype and a choice of values another than stereotypes of men. Not a man who's gonna be a large chief, but a female who doesn't want a war.
Yes, the interviewer uses a sociobiological sex vision, biological determinism, but draws progressive, emancipative values from it. We are equipped to experience, feel the emotions of certain types, but of course more education than biology. And that is the only thing I would change in this statement, because, yes, it is men who choose conflict solutions, strength solutions, besides in politics. From research, we know that politics rewards personalities in a sense psychopathic, not substantive preparation or readiness to search solutions without resorting to open conflict. This policy looks different erstwhile women enter it and pay attention to things that men do not see or marginalize.
I besides want to quote: “I was in the infirmary once, after surgery, I got my menstruation and they didn’t even have a pad for me, so to speak, and I got a baby diaper. [...] I told myself that if a female ruled, 1 would most likely yet introduce it.” But the further part of this message is besides interesting: “I always thought that women should stick together somehow, better, worse, to go forward [...] women are little in politics, but they are weaker, so [I vote for a woman]”. Indeed, solidarity is born between women, expecting them to aid each other, that it is worth supporting individual who is weaker to help.
The infirmary message is excellent. This is simply a large argument for anyone who says, well, but what fresh quality, what fresh look does the political entry of women bring? That's a immense difference.
This sex alignment is best at parliamentary level, it is much worse at region level, although there are changes here too: 10 years ago, women who received tickets were almost 10% less. Then 19.2, now 28.2 percent. There are inactive somewhat more than 40% of them on the lists. Further statements by your politicians explain that women go to politics to change things, and men go to power.
And who shaped this system? Those who won in traditionally understood, male, hardcore competition. No wonder this strategy looks like this, and to redesign it, you gotta have at least a sex balance. It's hard for those whose strategy is premium to change it to their disadvantage.
The second thing is that these systems tend to be perverse. You can plan a better system, correct it, but then human, or, let it be, a "male" nature, will affect how it works, so we truly request a sex revolution first. So more women and young people, due to the fact that in the case of the younger generation, it happens that men besides look like this, they want more women in politics too.
Maybe we could usage more men raised to cooperate. Aren't you afraid that the Confederacy might origin the same thing as the Law and Justice? So now she promotes respective women due to the fact that she understands that without it, she will find it hard to go beyond a fewer percent of support, but in fact her program is profoundly anti-female and targets men who are little successful, who are not happy with emancipation due to the fact that they do not keep up. So in a moment, women can break out, and they will feel cheated, discouraged into politics.
The Confederacy went beyond its base electorate and reached out for young women who have so far effectively attracted the left. They are partially demobilized not by the actions of the left, but by Simon Holownia and the full 3rd Way. But so far, the left has not tried to go beyond this base, which is the 70 percent support of young girls. She had nothing on offer for young boys, for women in their 30s surviving in smaller cities.
So half the men before 40 and 10 percent of women before 40 vote for Confederacy?
That's a lot. Of course it's only a 5th of the Confederate electorate, but the trend is growing. For the left, it is simply a problem, due to the fact that quite a few women actually started voting for it through women's strikes, but there were rather quite a few young men, besides politically active, very frequently voting for the Confederate.
Under freedom?
Free but anti-script, something just happened. These guys on worldview issues have nothing against women's rights, they support them, although they wouldn't die for them. They'd die for not having to pay taxes.
Are there flows between the Left and Confederacy electorate?
Yes, but they're not large groups, and they're very hard to capture. That's the kind of individual I meet on focus. They do not object to women, the European Union, LGBT people, due to the fact that they have specified friends, and they shift support from the Left to the Confederation. They say it's a bit silly, due to the fact that actually in these world-view issues, the Confederate talks nonsense, but the economical program, no taxes, lower taxes, social Darwinism – it tempts them.
So, Braun or Corwin don't freak out like that? Were they effectively hidden behind Anna the Piece?
This organization truly is consistent, it does not act foolishly, it pursues its political vision. They decided to build strength in the young electorate, did not break down erstwhile demography showed that older generations were more many and conservative. It turned out that it was possible to attract 20-year-olds and then fight by 30-year-olds and win.
The Confederacy plays with the 3rd Road for a place on the podium. What should the Left and Together now do to challenge the Confederacy?
It seems to me that what the Confederate has done is gradually reaching beyond its toughest electorate. For example, if the hard left electorate is young women, effort to attract young men and women in their 30 ’ s.
The Confederacy is powered by the disillusioned PiS Conservatives. There is no akin situation between KO and Lewica. I have not heard human rights defenders, eco- and climate activists who have been affected by KO after the first, very unsuccessful year in this respect, take toys and go to the Left.
Indeed, the Confederacy derives from respective streams: young, liberal, social Darwinists, erstwhile PiS voters. The second were not fanatics or cynics – they were not in love with either the president or social transfers, they were skeptical of another parties, and they voted for the Law and Justice organization as little evil. After 8 years, they found that little evil does not look like that. The left should think that way.
Thirty - year - olds can be attracted to the support of independent parenting, which entitles to discounts with a tiny household card, with 1 parent. This is simply a increasing group, working beyond the forces for which support is lacking, divorces all 3rd marriage, and the state does not aid in collecting kid support.
That's the difference between 20 and 30. erstwhile I made peculiar focusses in both groups, i.e. among women aged 18–29 and those aged 30–39, the first left makes multiples of its nationwide average. The Polish average of 8 percent, and among twenty-year-olds the score without a tiny 3 times larger. In the 30-year-old group, the score is weaker: respective percent points above the left-wing average score.
Why do women leave the left with age?
Because they voted for her mainly due to the right to abortion issues. For a 30-year-old, this case is inactive important, as for any female of reproductive age, but erstwhile at the end of the conversation we came to anticipate a government coalition, there were issues of public services, their quality, the availability of daycare, kindergartens, inflation, support, housing needs. Young adults say they live in full chaos, you can't plan anything, and you surely can't live. Even yesterday I had specified a focus with thirty-year-old urban people who inactive live as singles, they gotta work more and more and gain extra hours. They're moving faster to stay in the same place as yesterday.
Magda Biejat at the convention, at which she officially became fresh Left candidate for president, talked a lot about housing, loans – that is, the problems of the 30-year-olds. The flat of the Left has a mastered, example Włocławek proves that it is possible to build well and cheaply. But will it go to people? Will they believe it's possible?
Not everyone has to believe right away. It's crucial that they see there's an alternate to what we have so far. Men's Pushes and Rooster Fights, Polarizations dividing Polish and Poles by line: Kaczyński fans vs Tusk fans. If individual forgets what country he lives in, he will shortly be reminded of Christmas at the household table. Here's the possible to get out of this dominant political conflict.
What could attract young men? Magdalena Biejat She was talking about safety. It's a large offer if the Left can tell it right. Not everyone wants to go to the army, but most would like to know how to aid a civilian. How not to sit on your hands, but to take care of your safety.
Security can be told differently from mainstream. That's where it's all about how you equip an army. NATO has long discovered that it is more crucial to exist. Social opposition to external shocks. Ukraine would not have defended itself so bravely if it had not been for those elements of civilian mobilization, opposition points, religion in the state and its institutions. Our resilience besides depends on the quality of systems providing public goods and services, on self-organization, on the attitudes of local communities. Safety must be a task for all of us, not for a specialized handful, intertwined close the border.
What else for men?
You can see that young women are a disadvantaged group. Just as method education was promoted among women, so now it is worth promoting education among men. due to the fact that they're the ones who have a lower education, and they're left alone in smaller centres due to the fact that their friends are leaving. They're unemployed, they're targeted. This is where you gotta act. You can advance any sensible educational talons, levelling actions and making it easier for them to start their lives. Especially due to the fact that it's not going to be at the expense of women, it's going to be for the benefit of getting men out of the pressures of an invention, giving women a chance to have a more interesting partner.
And to the detriment of the Confederacy, due to the fact that that's what they fish for: undereducated, but expectations. Young people are online, on TikTok, on Instagram. We saw what happened in Romania late erstwhile the last simple social media promoted a pro-Russian radical. Will the presidential elections in Poland be held on TikTok?
I don't think this is the minute yet. But you can't let go of fresh channels of communication. I'm sure. Left It must be more active there, only in an authentic way. You can't afford to deficiency authenticity online, so it should be well prepared. Here, however, the Confederacy is again specified a function model. On the another hand, the left is to leave this group of youngest, to remind older groups of themselves. Play a social, economic, improvement card. These are the postulates that must besides appear.
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Prof. UW, Dr. Przemysław Sadura – Head of the Department of Political Sociology at the Faculty of Sociology at the University of Warsaw. Curator of the Political Critic investigation Institute. Recently, the Field of dialog Foundation released a study of his co-authorship Women, politics, elections.
