Iran and the rest, or banks in the mediate East.

The operation of banks in the mediate East is very different from the conventional function banks have in another countries. Consequently, it is impossible to compare the Iranian bank with the Polish bank.

If the subject of banks in Muslim countries begins, then the alleged Sharia Law should begin.

Sharia law, adhered to in muslim finance, prohibits the collection or receipt of interest, known as a rib, from loans or deposits. This prohibition is based on the belief that interest is exploitive and unfair, leading to unfair financial practices.

This fact importantly limits the freedom of action of shareholders, or companies willing to gain by borrowing money. It is precisely the majority of banks that are created only for the intent of borrowing money.
How does it solve the problem of lending to a % bank where Sharia law applies?

Islamic Finances developed alternate structures for conventional banking, specified as profit distribution (Mudarabah and Musharakhah) and leasing (Ijarah) to follow Shariat rules. These methods aim at generating returns by sharing hazard and profit alternatively than interest-based transactions.

There are respective ways to gain a debt and avoid interest. For example, you can find in advance the profit that a debt can bring and conclude a contract according to this; for example, by borrowing $100, you can enter into a $105 contract as the amount to be reimbursed. But most of the time, it's about the share of the profit that the debt can make. With investment loans, the bank may own and invest so long as the borrowed money is not full repaid.
Sharia law is simply a law of charity, which protects against exploitation.

Who owns the bank?
The ownership of the bank depends on a circumstantial country. Most commercial banks are owned by their shareholders, specified as natural persons or institutions holding shares in the bank.
In the mediate East, where the law prohibits the collection of interest, investment in banking is complicated.

In Iran, investments are converted into material goods.

In Iran, most banks are wholly or partially state owned. The Central Bank of Iran (CBI) is 100% state-owned and acts as a banker of the Iranian Government. Many another banks, including Bank Melli Iran, Bank Sepah and Export improvement Bank of Iran, are besides state owned. Although there are any private banks, they may have ties to semi-state institutions, including military or spiritual organizations.

This is simply a Sharia-compatible alternate to conventional leasing and lending methods. Since rib/interest-based transactions are not allowed in Islam, Ijarah follows the concept of profit sharing in which the tenant earns on rent payments alternatively of collecting interest. In the context of muslim banking, اجارۃ means the transfer of the usage of a peculiar asset to another party, on the basis of mutually agreed duration and cost. The key requirements for an asset in this transaction are that it must have value, be clearly identifiable and its quantity must be accurately specified. Assets that are consumed after use, specified as money or wheat, are not eligible for leasing under this contract, which strengthens the unique Ijarah rules

China has engaged in strategical partnerships with Iran, which include possible investments in various sectors, including banking, as part of a wider 25-year cooperation agreement. This agreement, signed in 2021, sets out possible Chinese investments worth a full of USD 400 billion in Iran's economy over 25 years to strengthen Iran's economy among global sanctions.
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Iranian and Chinese banks are part of the economy. Chinese investments in the Iranian bank are based, as I wrote above, on the fact that the Sharrat law does not let interest, that the value invested is the property of China, so long before Iran pays off the loan. Iran pays off a debt with a product of hydrocarbons extracted from Iranian soil.

To avoid spiritual problems, China and Iran usage a Chinese bank.

Bank of Kunlun is simply a Chinese state bank, primarily known for facilitating financial transactions between China and Iran, peculiarly in the energy sector. It was established in 2006 as a municipal commercial bank in Karamay, Xinjiang, and later became a key contributor to oil payments to Iran. The bank is controlled by the financial arm of China National Petroleum corp (CNPC).
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