Misperception is simply a clear sign of strategical confusion of the end empire. This is in February 2025, just after taking office as President, Donald Trump stated that BRICS was dead due to the fact that he died a minute after he announced the threat of imposing 100% of the duties on countries that want to avoid utilizing the dollar in global trade.
Meanwhile, on July 6-7, 2025, in Rio de Janeiro, during the 17th "survivor" summit, he was already twenty. The 10 are full members: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran, United arabian Emirates. Second partner countries: Belarus, Bolivia, Cuba, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Thailand, Uganda, Uzbekistan, and for respective weeks Vietnam. At the 17th gathering of high-level leaders, BRICS countries adopted 126 commitments on global governance, finance, health, artificial intelligence, climate change and another strategical areas.
The possible of the group is enormous, but the strength is determined by the ability to exploit it. The BRICS Group is now more than 2 fifths of the planet economy: 43.93% of global GDP, measured by purchasing power parity (PPP). This is $77 trillion, which is much higher than the West Capitalism Center club – G-7. It covers 4.45 billion people, which means that it accounts for 55.61% of the world's population – most of the world's population and, more importantly, controls a immense part of planet energy reserves, industrial power and key mineral resources, making it the backbone of a real economy that maintains global stability. The impact of BRICS is not limited to the economical dimension but is primarily systemic. In consequence to the collapse of the material foundations of prosperity (such as energy, infrastructure and food systems) the effect of neoliberal globalisation, the group provides a model of global cooperation rooted in joint development, strategical autonomy and infrastructure communication (i.e. sovereign independency and interdependence).
Manifest de-neokolonization
Prior to the summit there were concerns about its effectiveness. Firstly, it pointed to the ambiguous function of Brazil, which organised the summit besides quickly, in the mediate of the year, suggesting that its precedence this year was COP-30 in the Amazon in November. Secondly, the invitation of the Indian Prime Minister as an authoritative visit to Brazil was intended to be the main reason for the deficiency of participation of the Chinese leader. Thirdly, the deficiency of real presence of the president of Russia and Iran was highlighted. Correctly interpreting the function of these Eurasian powers, it is not hard to note that while in a state of kinetic warfare straight fought by Moscow and Tehran, with Beijing's increasing commitment they have a different perception of their security. fresh clashes between India and Pakistan and between Israel and Iran straight affect BRICS members. However, the hopes of BRICS opponents were not fulfilled.
"The planet has changed. We do not request an emperor we are sovereign nations" – these words spoken by president Lula da Silva are the essence of the BRICS paradigm. The president of the summit indicated that the planet was in a deep structural crisis; global law became a dead letter, likewise to peaceful dispute resolution. In addition to the unprecedented number of conflicts since the Second planet War, the advancement achieved is threatening to neglect in the climate system, trade wars, the attack on the global wellness system, the intellectual property right limiting access to medicines, and yet the fear of atomic disaster. The essence of neocolonialism is the "inverted Marshall plan" implemented for decades by the global Monetary Fund and the planet Bank, under which emerging and developing economies mostly fund the centres of Western capitalism. The flow of global aid has decreased and the debt costs of the poorest countries have increased rapidly. The neoliberal model only exacerbates inequality. For example, 3,000 billionaires have earned a full of $6.5 trillion since 2015.
In another speech at the summit Lula da Silva stressed that the fresh NATO decision fuels the arms race. The allocation of 5% of GDP to military spending, alternatively of 0.7%, which was promised for authoritative improvement assistance, shows that funds for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda be but are not available due to a deficiency of political priorities. He besides pointed to the appearance of the UN as the UN safety Council meetings end in failure of credibility and paralysis, and the Council is not even consulted before the start of the war. This institution is rescued by the inclusion in permanent members of the RB of countries from the Global South1. The IMF's instrumentalization shows that in 2023 it approved unprecedented credit for Ukraine worth $15.6 billion (577% of the Ukrainian national quota), which represents over a 3rd of the yearly volume of all IMF programmes. Since the beginning of 2022, the planet Bank has pledged to allocate nearly $54 billion to Ukraine. In total, the amounts allocated to Ukraine are twice as much as the yearly allocations allocated by the Bretton Woods structures to all African countries. Lula called for the BRICS countries to have 25% of the IMF vote. "The continued usage of the IMF and the planet Bank to keep neo-colonial practices is unacceptable," emphasised the Russian abroad Minister.
The president of Brazil so stated that "BRICS is an essential actor in the fight for a multipolar, little asymmetrical and more peaceful world". Its basis is taxation justice and the fight against taxation evasion by corporations and oligarchs. The ‘New Era’ must be based on financial sovereignty, justice in the area of artificial intelligence and the construction of cables connecting continents to guarantee the safety of the members concerned. I am saying that this communicative is indeed a mobilization of BRICS to do its work for a fresh universal institution regulating a new, fair global order.
Another crucial voice in the debates was the speech of the Prime Minister of Malaysia. Anwar Ibrahim At the BRICS Business Forum, he recalled the forerunner ideas of the Uninvolved States Movement and the Bandung Conference. He besides mentioned that her follow-up, the G77 Group, had inactive not achieved the desired results. BRICS is not only a continuation of these ideas, but above all it has the possible to implement them, due to the fact that “we talk from the position of strength, not from the erstwhile weak, erstwhile colonial countries, but as independent countries of a peculiar position. Now, from aircraft, through technology, artificial intelligence to food technology, we see a fresh force coming from emerging economies, and I think that something can be changed. I believe that trying to make BRICS will be a crucial success that will change the course of human history." The de-neokolonization manifestos described include the president of Russia Vladimir Putin, stating categorically that the old era, or strategy serving the interests of the golden billion from the West, is going back into the past.
The fall of a dollar hegemony or nothing.
Both the western communicative describing BRICS as an anti-American alliance and the categorical negation of this thesis by members of the group execute different functions. The first actor follows the centuries-old practice of creating the enemy needed to mobilise resources to fight for his primacy; the second actor uses language to legitimize the paradigm of the "new era".
If we focus on the material basis of competition, this trend towards multipolarity in the planet is not “a fact absolutely apparent like sunrise”, as president Putin has late suggested, but is due to the geostrategism of actors of the “new era”. In fact, there is simply a competition that reveals the features of a fresh kind of global war, which the Prime Minister of Malaysia mentioned earlier openly said: “The war of the empire is against us all, members of BRICS, but we will conduct it in a very civilized way... and we organize a different strategy of geo-economic and geopolitical relations for a better future."
Therefore, 1 of the key issues raised at the BRICS summit in 2025 was de-dollarisation, an effort to make an alternate to utilizing the US dollar, which is inactive a global reserve currency. During his virtual speech, Russian president Vladimir Putin promoted the increase in the usage of national currencies in trade between BRICS partner countries, stressing that in 2024 the share of ruble and another friendly Russian currencies was 90%. Examples of bypassing the dollar are increasing. After all, Russia and China are trading outside the dollar; India and Russia are presently accounting for part of the energy trade in rupees; China and Brazil have signed a yuan settlement agreement; Saudi Arabia is already selling oil to China in renminbi; Saudi Arabia and the United arabian Emirates are conducting multipolar financial and energy diplomacy; The fresh BRICS improvement Bank finances projects in local currencies; ASEAN states introduce local currency systems. African and Latin American countries are besides considering engaging in BRICS+ to free themselves from debt and dependency cycles. Indonesia's membership and the partnership of Vietnam and another Southeast Asian countries consolidates the diversity of economical resources, which can contribute to more efficient and sustainable trade between associate States.
The BRICS activity is so not about replacing the dollar but about eliminating the request for it. These are conditions for trade without a militarised SWIFT and attracting investment without dependence on the dollar are the main areas of attractiveness of the group. At present, around 47% of all payments processed by SWIFT are accounted for in US dollars and the euro is ranked second with a consequence of 23%. Even Chinese yuan, despite China's economical power, have only 4.6% share in global payment flows. This dominance goes far beyond average volumes of transactions. The function of the dollar as the world's main reserve currency is based on features that are fundamentally lacking in emerging marketplace currencies: unparalleled liquidity, marketplace depth, legal certainty and organization stability, so there are voices that de-dollarisation is simply a song of the distant future. But as the Chinese proverb says, all longest journey must begin with the first step. Hence the expanding consequence of the US.
Trump claims that BRICS was created to destruct the US dollar. "We are not going to lose the standard". "Losing the planet dollar standard would be like losing the large planet war. We would no longer be the same country." At the Rio de Janeiro summit on 7 July 2025, he threatened that “any country that supports the anti-American BRICS policy would be charged an additional 10% duty. There will be no exceptions to this policy. Thank you for your attention!’ erstwhile Russian president Dmitri Medvedev “ BRICS is gaining authority. Trump announced that an additional 10% work would be imposed on any country that supports BRICS policy. So we do everything right.”
Present in the communicative of the American President, “geopolitics of emotion”, which he wrote about Dominique MoisiIt's just a manifestation of fear of the end of hegemony. The failure of negotiations in the last almost 90 days after the shocking doctrine of the end of globalisation shows the collapse of the American force of force and the breach of the threshold of indifference among many nations. Just after the summit, the White home announced its impact on Brazil by 50% of its duties, as well as Indonesia, Vietnam and India. The BRICS countries already have more power and are planning to counterattack. Moreover, customs duties on Brazil are not motivated by a trade deficit which is not there, but by support for the erstwhile president Jaira Bolsanaro, who was accused of attempting to coup after losing the 2022 presidential election. economical sanctions for political reasons not only violate global law, but even interior US law.
The shaping of the multipolar planet will not reverse the communicative of even specified renowned American researchers Like Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye Jr., who respect the word of office of the current president of the United States as a temporary shortness of breath. They believe that globalisation will defend itself, and that economical interdependence will proceed to bring “the benefits of their central hub, the United States – inactive the most economically, military, technological and culturally powerful country in the planet – giving Washington a soft force” ("Foreign Affairs", July/August 2025). Realism doesn't lose it Professor Jeffrey Sachs and prof. John Mearsheimer indicating the affirmative political function of BRICS as a carrier of peace and stability.
What was set in Rio de Janeiro?
The Declaration signed at the Summit Strengthening Global South Cooperation for more inclusive and sustainable governance confirms the Group's commitment to strengthening multilateralism, defending global law and pursuing a more equitable global order. It reflects months of intensive coordination, with more than 200 meetings and 200 fresh cooperation mechanisms created or strengthened in areas specified as hunger eradication, combating climate change and the improvement of fresh technologies. The cooperation includes a number of mechanisms: the Parliamentary Forum, the Business Council, the Women's Business Alliance, the Youth Council, the Trade Union Forum, the Tanks' Think Council, the Academic Forum, the Deans' Forum, the Civic Council, the tiny and average Enterprises' Forum, the Association of Cities and Municipalities, the ultimate Audit Authorities, the Legal Forum, the Governing gathering of the BRICS ultimate Courts and the gathering of the BRICS Chief Prosecutors' Services.
The joint declaration contained many references to BRICS initiatives aimed at encouraging de-dollarisation without addressing the issue of the single currency. It called for the strengthening of BRICS, the fresh improvement Bank, to "support its increasing function as a strong and strategical player in improvement and modernisation in the global South". In particular, the paper stresses the request for the bank to "expand financing in local currencies" and the improvement of the Monetary Reserve Fund, which could be an alternate to the US-dominated global Monetary Fund (IMF), providing short-term liquidity to countries facing a balance of payments crisis. Another initiative discussed in the paper was the fresh Investment Platform (NIP), which aims to facilitate investment in local currencies The declaration addresses the issue of the BRICS Interbank Cooperation mechanics (ICM), which is working on "finding acceptable backing mechanisms in local currencies".
The joint message besides highlights the work of the BRICS Cross-border Payments Initiative and the BRICS Working Group (BPTF), which, as noted, identifies "the possible for greater interoperability of BRICS payment systems" as part of "the efforts to facilitate fast, affordable, more accessible, efficient, transparent and safe cross-border payments between BRICS countries and another countries that can support greater trade and investment flows". The request to increase the amounts allocated to the IMF and the participation of emerging and developing countries in the capital of the planet Bank was highlighted. 1 of the more tangible results was the proposal to make an institution modelled on the planet Bank's Multilateral Investment warrant Agency. The fresh institution would aim to facilitate investment in infrastructure and improvement in global countries South by providing investment guarantees to reduce political risk.
In the safety dimension, participants unanimously confirmed that Israeli and American attacks in Iran are unacceptable and constitute a violation of global law, UN Charter and IAEA agreements. Minister for abroad Affairs of Iran Abbas Araghchi commended the "strong and unequivocal" condemnation by the BRICS Group, an association of emerging economies, the fresh acts of aggression by Israel and the United States against the muslim Republic of Iran. In his post-conference post, he added that at a time erstwhile “tectonic economical and political changes” became more visible, “Iran welcomes and is delighted to be part of the dawn of the fresh era.”
All aggression against not only Iran but besides Gaza, where the humanitarian situation has reached catastrophic levels, has been called upon to end. Israel’s genocide practices, including the famine of the Palestinians, were condemned. A fair and lasting resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict can only be achieved by peaceful means and depends on the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people, including the right to self-determination and return. In turn, with respect to the situation in Ukraine, BRICS revealed a balanced position, demonstrating a deeper knowing of the underlying causes of the crisis, including the extension of NATO to the east with the clear nonsubjective of absorbing Ukraine and creating threats to Russia's security. The Ukrainian attacks on bridges and railway infrastructure were condemned deliberately targeted at civilians in the Brian regions, Kursk and Voronezh of the Russian Federation. The illegal application of unilateral coercion measures, in the form of unilateral economical sanctions and secondary sanctions, was besides condemned.
The BRICS leadership message on global management of artificial intelligence underlines that the transformative possible of AI must be utilized for the benefit of all countries, based on digital sovereignty, confirming the right of each country to form AI policies and technologies in accordance with its own improvement objectives and legal framework. Concerns about the bias of algorithms and the insufficient representation of diverse cultures and languages in artificial intelligence data collections were highlighted. They advocated the ethical, transparent and liable improvement of artificial intelligence, reflecting linguistic, cultural, racial, geographical and demographic diversity, supporting the UNESCO advice on Artificial Intelligence Ethics. In addition, the BRICS countries emphasise the importance of a human-oriented approach ensuring that artificial intelligence complements and does not replace human capabilities, while maintaining eventual power and human supervision. For the first time BRICS had so unequivocally confronted the task of acceleration of technology promoted by American technological corporations.
The summit declaration stressed that the fresh improvement Bank in the second golden decade of operation is to become a strategical agent for improvement and modernisation in the Global South. With the accession of Colombia and Uzbekistan, it presently has 11 members, including 5 founding members: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, as well as the United arabian Emirates, Bangladesh, Egypt and Algeria. As a consequence of Russian engagement, it was announced to increase its function from applications to circumvent the SWIFT system, militarized by the US already. China announced that they would shortly set up the China-BRICS investigation Centre for fresh Quality Manufacturing Forces, and besides grant scholarships to all BRICS countries to make cognition in manufacture and telecommunications. It stressed the importance of further developing the initiative to establish a platform for grain trading under BRICS (Gielda Ządziewowa BRICS), which was raised at the Kazan summit last year and has not yet gained momentum.
BRICS + and outreach
The BRICS+ Summit, together with the outreach formula, was organised by the Brazilian Presidency on the second day of the summit. The discussions afraid global improvement efforts, including climate issues and the fight against pandemics and diseases. Chile, Colombia and Uruguay attended the gathering for the first time and Mexico for the second time. The participation of all 4 economies was a crucial accomplishment of Brazil in expanding the participation of Latin American economies in BRICS+ outreach activities, with Mexico, Colombia and Chile among the largest Latin American economies after Brazil and Uruguay playing a key function in regional integration dynamics. Colombia deserves peculiar emphasis, which under its first left-wing president, Gustavo Petro, adopted a more independent abroad policy and expressed support for BRICS. It is likely that the vector's change is evidenced by the information revealed shortly before the summit suggesting the association of the US government with the ongoing effort at a coup in Bogota.
The gathering was besides attended by Kenya, Palestine, Turkey, Saudi Arabia. The last 2 countries stay in a strong field of influence in Washington. Therefore, Ankara inactive did not accept partner position and Riyadh inactive did. Saudi Arabia chose a hard balance art between an ambiguous approach to BRICS and designation of the United States leadership. Riyadh plays an crucial function in BRICS' strategy by placing the flag of this country among permanent members during a virtual speech by the Russian president at the summit.
At the summit, Vietnam and China agreed to conclude the phase of disputes fueled by Washington. Cuba left isolation starting a long march for development. Brazil and India signed a strategical partnership in which they marked their countries' historical conflict to overcome colonialism and reaffirm sovereignty and agreed on the objectives of building a more equitable global order based on global law and taking into account the aspirations of the Global South. China and Brazil, on the another hand, signed a memorandum of agreement to research the anticipation of creating a transcontinental railway line connecting the Peruvian Pacific coast, in which the Chinese built a large port of Chancay close Lima, with the Brazilian Atlantic coast. There will so be another strategical trade way beyond US control.
Summary
The increase in the importance of "BRICS+" reveals the actions of both centrifugal and centrifugal forces in the global system. As a centrifugal force, it undermines the existing order dominated by the West by promoting alternate institutions, introducing competitive management models and intensifying geopolitical rivalry. At the same time, as a central force, it contributes to global cohesion through deep economical integration, active participation in multilateral initiatives and cooperation on common global problems. It is simply a platform for reforms, as many members of BRICS proceed to call for a transformation – not a abandonment – of existing multilateral institutions. But it besides provides protection in the event of failure of these reforms by creating systems to reduce dependency: trade in national currencies, sovereign digital platforms, unconditional improvement banks and a cooperative approach to energy, food and technology.
With 10 full members, a increasing ellipse of partner countries and another applicant countries, BRICS is no longer just a diplomatic forum. It becomes a gravitational force in the emerging multipolar planet and a structural consequence to the increasing contradictions of globalisation under Western leadership. BRICS is simply a platform coordinating the interests of the global majority, as a key pillar of multipolarity, which objectively replaces the globalisation strategy that goes back to the past. It is so an association of states for the "new era" of global relations, as claims about the post-Western planet (Warwick Powell) or “a fresh paradise” (Sergei Riabkov) do not give the essence of the process of deep systemic transformation. In line with the conclusions of the Summit Declaration, the Group intends to further make the thematic agenda, modify working methods, improve existing practices to guarantee that BRICS remains effective, efficient, flexible, inclusive and consensus-based. organization improvement is simply a continuous and dynamic process reflecting the group's needs and priorities for strengthening the BRICS partnership with the least developed countries, contributing to strengthening the spirit of solidarity and genuine global cooperation for the benefit of all. The paradigm of the "new era" is so the central conceptual node justifying the dynamics of the emergence of the multipolar world.
Prof. Gracian Cimek
photo of wikipedia
Think Poland, No. 31-32 (3-10.08.201025)
